The youngest son of Benjamin Harbeson Sr., Joseph Harbeson worked as a copper, tin, and pewter smith in Philadelphia from 1790 to 1806, d.b.a. Benjamin Harbeson & Sons and as B. & J. Harbeson for part of this time. He moved to Pittsburg in 1805 and partnered with John Town until 1810 when he returned to Philadelphia to work as an ironmonger.