“They are about freedom of line and color and blur the distinction between drawing and painting. They are about improvisation on the human figure and its consciousness.”
Frenetically charged yet fluidly graceful, presenting an utterly mesmerizing landscape of architectural figuration and compelling calligraphic gesture, Back Channel wholly embodies the irrefutable beauty, conceptual gravitas, and unparalleled technical finesse which characterize the very best of George Condo’s celebrated oeuvre. Executed in 2017, the present work stands at the apex of the artist’s continued series of Drawing Paintings, which deftly synergize the traditionally separate processes of drawing and painting in single, fluid gestural expression. In their celebratory fusion of captivating imagery and spontaneous mark-making, the alluring beings of these paintings blur the boundary between figurative and non-representational painting with graceful ease. Even within this celebrated group, Back Channel is exemplary in exhibiting a richly sensual surface of lush impasto in nuanced, luminous translucent hues. Across the vast canvas, Condo fuses the tactile with the visual, the figurative with the fragmented, and the known with the imaginary to produce an irresistible final image. A masterwork in the artist’s signature mode, Back Channel revels in the unforeseen beauty and alluring, hedonistic entropy of Condo’s improvisational genius.
Emanating emotional intensity and psychological depth, Back Channel features a crowd of faint yet striking figures interwoven together in a kaleidoscopic composition. Within a Cubist topography, sensuous lines and lush passages of flat color overlap into a densely layered web of unrestrained abstraction, infused with a sense of rhythm and polyphony that stems from Condo’s spontaneous, gestural improvisations. Throughout the work, bodies are fragmented into disjointed planes of color along the same innovative vein as Marcel Duchamp’s Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 and Pablo Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. Within Condo’s creative output, the genre of portraiture occupies a position of tremendous importance. Taking inspiration from masters as varied as Diego Velázquez, Edouard Manet, Giorgio de Chirico, Pablo Picasso, Willem de Kooning and Philip Guston, Condo weaves into the fabric of figurative painting a renewed interest in inserting art historical tropes into a playful and absurd new context, both reviving and humorously undermining the integrity of the genre of portraiture. For Condo, it is the imaginary potential of portraits that defines the genre for him; as such, the artist tends to paint from his own mental snapshot or emotional reaction, rather than from life. The artist’s frenzied brushwork is anchored by sharp, fragmented lines evoking an enormous range of human emotions that collide into a riot of forms that bridge the gap between an emotional state and an imagined physical reality.
Following a nine-month stint as the diamond duster in Andy Warhol’s infamous Factory, Condo emerged onto the 1980s New York art scene at the eager age of twenty-three alongside seminal figures Keith Haring and Jean-Michel Basquiat, the latter of whom is stated to have officially convinced Condo to pursue a career as a professional artist. Like Haring and Basquiat, Condo was critically engaged throughout the eighties in the inauguration of a new form of figurative painting that stylistically blended the representational and the abstract. Condo coined the terms ‘artificial realism’ and ‘psychological cubism’ to define his hybridization of art historical influences, specifically his fusion of the Old Master subject matter with the distorted geometric perspectives of Cubism. Through a prolific output of compelling yet grotesque portraits, Condo established himself by the turn of the century as one of the preeminent figurative painters of the contemporary era; his method of extrapolating and distorting traditional figurative motifs through an abstract lens has influenced an entire generation of artists working today.
弗朗西斯·畢卡比亞,《Mino》,1929年作,私人收藏
Condo’s Back Channel from 2017 pushes the boundaries on his ever-evolving exploration of the human form and his unique ability to push the sculptural, three-dimensional form within the confines of a two-dimensional canvas. Condo ruptures his compositions to reveal the multifaceted complexities of human emotion through his aptly self-termed mode of psychological cubism. “I try to depict a character’s train of thoughts simultaneously – hysteria, joy, sadness, desperation,” the artist explains. “If you could see these things at once that would be like what I’m trying to make you see in my art.” (The artist in Stuart Jeffries, “George Condo: ‘I Was Delirious. Nearly Died’,” The Guardian, 10 February 2014, online) Condo has established himself in the canon of Western art history as a master puppeteer of the human psyche, presenting to his audience forms that delight and repulse, amuse and sadden, welcome and alienate. Back Channel captures the best of Condo’s unraveling and subsequent reassembly of various pictorial languages, which has cemented him as one of today’s most clever and cutting-edge contemporary painters.
「這些作品訴說線條與色彩的自由,模糊了素描與油畫之間的分野,展現人物的即興狀態與意識。」
《秘密渠道》狂野奔放、意藴豐富,畫面優雅流麗,以人體結構和書法般的線條交織出一片扣人心弦的視覺風景,充份體現喬治・康多創作的精髓——無容置疑的美感、嚴謹理念與無可比擬的藝術造詣。本作繪於2017年,為康多「素描油畫」系列中的絕佳典例。此系列作品以統一流暢的動態表達手法,巧妙地揉合傳統上互相獨立的素描與油畫創作過程,將富有感染力的圖像與自由隨性的標記融為一體。畫中人物充滿魅力、雍容優雅,模糊了具象與非具象畫作之間的界限。本作是這個知名系列的優秀典例,用色精細微妙、流露半透明光澤,呈現一片奇妙迷人的畫面。在宏大的畫幅上,康多將可觸知與可見之物、具象形體與零散圖像、已知事物與虛構的想像合而為一,創造出魅力四射的豐富圖景。本作的畫面氣氛歡愉無序、引人入勝,不僅彰顯康多的即興才思,更洋溢一種前所未見的獨特美感,是康多的優秀代表作。
《秘密渠道》的背景色彩變化無窮,上方可見一群外形模糊、惹人注目的人物彼此交疊,情感充沛、充滿精神深度。本作的構圖洋溢立體主義色彩,感性線條與絢爛繽紛的平面色塊互相交織,編成一張層次豐富、無拘無束的抽象之網,為畫面添上複調音律與節奏感,體現康多筆下自由率性的即興動感。畫中的人物軀體分崩離析,漸漸融入背景中的不連貫色塊,這種創作手法與馬塞爾・杜尚的《下樓的裸女二號》與巴布羅・畢加索的《亞維農的少女》系出同源。肖像畫體裁在康多的作品中蘊含著重大意涵,他從迭戈・維拉斯蓋茲、愛德華・馬奈、喬治・德・基里科、巴布羅・畢加索、威廉・德庫寧及菲利普・加斯頓等不同藝壇大師身上汲取創作靈感,將藝術史上各種比喻語彙置入俏皮荒誕的新語境,為具象畫作添上全新趣味;他以幽默手法破壞肖像畫體裁的完整性,同時將其復興。對康多而言,肖像畫的想像空間與潛力,是這種繪畫體裁的靈魂所在;因此,他傾向描摹自己心目中的圖景或情緒反應,不從現實世界取材。在此畫中,康多以銳利的零散線條平衡放任不羈的筆觸,呈現澎湃的人類情感;這些情感彼此碰撞交融,構成千變萬化的形相,將情感狀態與虛構的物理世界互相連結。
康多曾在安迪・沃荷著名的「工廠」工作室當過九個月鑽石塵掃塵員。在1980年代,他以二十三歲的初犢之齡在紐約藝壇嶄露頭角,同期大師還有凱斯・哈林和尚・米榭・巴斯基亞,據聞正是後者說服康多成為職業藝術家。跟哈林及巴斯基亞一樣,康多在八十年代積極提倡一種結合具象和抽象風格的具象繪畫新形式。他將過往的藝術流派熔冶一爐,尤其是古典西洋題材和立體主義扭曲幾何透視的結合,並創造出「人為寫實主義」和「心理立體主義」等語彙。康多創作出大量詭異怪誕的作品,在世紀之交躋身當代傑出具象畫家之列;他從抽象視角,試探和改變傳統具象表現手法,對當今一整代藝術家影響深遠。
《秘密渠道》作於2017年,見證康多對人體形態的探索精益求精、不斷革新,並展現他在平面畫幅的限制下建構立體人像的獨到技巧。康多憑藉自創的「心理立體主義」作畫手法,巧妙地分割畫面構圖,探索人類情感錯綜複雜的多重面向。藝術家解釋道:「我嘗試將人物的思緒一併呈現——歇斯底里、喜悅、悲傷和絕望。如能一次過感知上述一切,便能體會到我想讓觀眾在我的創作中欣賞到的東西」(引自藝術家,斯圖爾特・杰弗里斯撰,〈喬治・康多:我神智不清,快要死了〉,《衛報》,2014年2月10日,網上)。藉著向觀眾展現使人歡樂又厭惡、愉悅又悲傷、親近又疏離的形體,康多成為一位嫻熟操縱人類心理的木偶師,在西方藝術史中確立自身地位。本作體現康多分解並重組各式圖像語彙的卓絕技藝,使他躋身最聰穎大膽的當代畫家之列。